ICS - BONUS LESSON B
Pronunciation Guide
Spanish contains four additional letters not found in English: ch, ll, ñ, and rr. All letters are pronunced, with the exception of h; the letters v and b are most often both pronunced like the English b. Words ending in a vowel, an, n, or an s are stressed on the next-to-last syllable -- casa (KAH-sah). Words ending in a consonant (other than n or s) are stressed on the last syllable -- general (hehn-eh-RAHL). A written accent is required on any words which break either of these rules -- lápiz (LAH-pees).

NOTE: When pronouncing the words in the following examples, stress the section that appears in CAPITAL letters. ( You will find he Spanish Alphabet at the bottom of this page).

VOWELS
SPANISH LETTER
SOUND IN ENGLISH EXAMPLES
a ah (yacht) taco (TAH-koh)
e ay (day)
eh (pet)
mesa (MAY-sah)
perro (PEH-roh)
i ee (meet) libro (LEE-broh)
o oh (open) foto (FOH-toh)
u oo (tooth) mucho (MOO-choh)
COMMON VOWEL COMBINATIONS (Diphthongs)
SPANISH LETTER(S) SOUND IN ENGLISH EXAMPLES
au ow (cow) causa (COW-sah)
auto (ow-toh)
ei ay (day) aceite (ah-SAY-tay)
ai y (type) baile (BY-lay)
ie yeh (yet) abierto (ah-BYEHR-toh)
ue weh (wet) bueno (BWEH-noh)
CONSONANTS
SPANISH LETTER(S) SOUND IN ENGLISH EXAMPLES
c (before a, o, u) hard k sound (cat) campo (KAHM-poh)
cosa (KOH-sah)
Cuba (KOO-bah)
c (before e, i) soft s sound (cent) central (sehn-TRAHL)
cinco (SEEN-koh)
cc hard & soft cc
(ks sound) - (accept)
acción (ahk-see-OHN)
ch hard ch sound (chair) muchacho (moo-CHAH-choh)
g (before a, o, u) hard g (go) gafas (GAH-fahs)
goma (GOH-mah)
g (before e, t) breathy h (hot) general (hehn-eh-RAHL)
h always silent hasta (AHS-tah)
j breathy h sound (hot) José (ho-SAY)
l English l (lamp) lámpara (LAHM-pahr-ah)
ll as in English y (yes) pollo (POH-yoh)
n English n (no) naranja (nah-RAHN-ha)
ñ English ny (canyon) señorita (seh-nyoh-REE-tah)
qu English k (keep) que (kay)
r "trilled r" once caro (KAH-roh)
rr
(or "r" beginning a word)
"trilled rr" strongly rico (RREE-koh)
perro (PEH-rroh)
s English s (see) rosa (ROH-sah)
v Like b (book) primavera
(pree-mah-BEHR-ah)
x English s, ks
(sign, socks)
estra (ES-trah)
examinar (ek-sah-mee-NAHR)
y English y (yes),
by itself y = i)
yo (yoh)
y (ee)
z English s zapato (sah-PAH-toh)
The Spanish Alphabet
A a
ah
B b
beh
C c
seh
Ch ch
tshe
D d
deh
E e
eh
F f
eh'fe
G g
kheh
H h
acheh
I i
ee
J j
khota
K k
L l
eh'leh
Ll ll
ehl'yeh
M m
e'meh
N n
en'eh
Ñ ñ
en'yeh
O o
oh
P p
peh
Q q
koo
R R
er'reh
S s
e'se
T t
teh
U u
oo
V v
beh
W w
do'bleh beh
X x
e'kees
Y y
ee-gree ye'gaegä
Z z
se'tä